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 Snafu is a weekly newsletter by entrepreneur and author Robin P. Zander that teaches people how to promote their thing.

Snafu isn’t for salespeople. Instead, these are articles teach selling for the for rest of us. Through  a weekly article and homework (gasp!) develop the courage to sell your product, advocate for yourself, communicate authentically and take care of your people.

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Salesperson as therapist

Over the last few weeks, I’ve been teaching a workshop about sales. We get together on Zoom for an hour every week to discuss – and practice – a more authentic approach to selling.

I made my first sales at five years old at Robin’s Pumpkin Patch. Selling is a part of my work today. But I’ve always meant to study sales and persuasion more deliberately, so this workshop format provided me the excuse.

Last week, in a discussion of empathy and connection, I asked the workshop participants a question: “What characteristics make a good therapist?” Or, if you prefer, what makes someone feel like a safe and trusted presence in your life?

It’s not usually their credentials or how convincing they are. It’s how they show up. It’s the way they listen, make space for you to think, and are okay that you don’t have everything figured out. A good therapist isn’t trying to steer you toward a particular outcome, but instead helping you discover what’s true for you.

That same kind of presence is at the heart of my approach to sales.

The most effective salespeople aren’t pushing hard for a yes. They’re not over explaining, and they’re definitely not trying to be impressive. They’re doing something much harder – and much more generous. They’re holding space, asking real questions, and listening closely enough to help someone gain a clearer understanding of what they need.

In that way, sales and therapy aren’t that far apart. Both rely on deep listening, curiosity, and a quiet confidence. They’re about helping people see something they couldn’t quite see on their own – not because someone told them, but because they finally had space to recognize it themselves.

When sales are done this way, it stops being about persuasion. It becomes about partnership. It becomes a conversation that respects the other person’s agency. And when that’s the foundation, a sale – if it happens at all – feels more like a mutual decision than a transaction.

Homework

This week’s homework is to compliment a stranger on the street. Pick out someone in the grocery store or on the sidewalk and compliment them on something trivial – their hairstyle, an article of clothing, the brightness of their eyes.

When I started this habit a few years ago, I was scared. Before I spoke, my heart would beat fast and my palms got sweaty. Today, I compliment strangers with ease. More significantly, I feel more comfortable speaking up in public and I’ve never had someone respond poorly.

Next time you are in public, find something about somebody nearby to compliment and let me know what happens.

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How Pixar Thinks About Stories (Hint: It’s Four Frames)

I had a call recently with Bobby Podesta, a 20-year veteran animator at Pixar. The call was supposed to be about Responsive Conference, my annual conference about work. Instead, we spent the entire time talking about storytelling.

I’ve been telling stories since I was quite young, but I’ve really only studied storytelling since starting Zander Media.

Bobby, a professional storyteller, crisply described story structure in four parts: the setup, catalyst, turning, and resolution. Bobby began his career illustrating comic books, so when he describes the four parts of a story, he references the four frames of a comic strip. First, each of these four parts:

  • Setup – establishes the world in which we find ourselves
  • Change – something new that disrupts the norm
  • Turning – a twist or reveal
  • Resolution – the payoff or conclusion

To illustrate these stages, Bobby told me the story of Steve Jobs’ introduction of the iPod nano – and the importance of a turning point in making Job’s pitch both compelling and memorable.

Setup
Jobs walks through Apple’s music strategy and the success of the original iPod. “We’ve got the best music store, the best software, and the best player.”

Change
He announces a new product: the iPod mini: “Today we’re introducing a second member to the iPod family.” He describes its features, shows a comparison chart, builds anticipation. But no actual product is visible.

Turning
Then, Job pauses, smiles, and asks: “You ever wonder what this pocket is for?” (He points to the tiny coin pocket in his jeans.) “I’ve always wondered that.” Then, he pulls the iPod mini out of that pocket. It’s a dramatic reveal.

Resolution
The room erupts in applause. The narrative lands: Apple has not only made a new device. They’ve redefined what a small music player can mean.

As Bobby pointed out to me in telling this story, this could have happened without the turning point. But without that moment of suspense and emotional engagement, it wouldn’t be memorable. By pausing and asking a simple, unexpected question, Jobs completely changed the audience’s experience.

Homework

Next time you are telling a story – whether selling a client, recounting an anecdote from your day, or reading your kid a book – make note of the turning. Notice how including or leaving out that third frame changes the way the story resonates with your audience. By consciously incorporating turning points, you’ll elevate your storytelling, ensuring your stories resonate and remain memorable.

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The utility of taste

I was on a call with a client recently and found myself saying that the human desire to listen to Homer recite The Odyssey is timeless. Even when AI voices become as good as today’s best voice actors, listening to the best in the world tell stories is always going to be worthwhile. Or as Pixar animator Bobby Podesta said to me recently: “Storytelling is a method of value exchange.”

Today’s essay is about taste, an increasingly important skill in our noisy world.

I’ve raved before about Ezra Klein’s new book, Abundance. But I haven’t heard Ezra talk about his craft of writing before listening to a recent interview on the How I Write Podcast. The conversation covered the state of media and the role of AI, but the most interesting topic was the role of an editor. According to Ezra, a good editor is not somebody who makes sure that spelling and sentence structure are correct, but somebody who has taste. Taste, he says, is one of the most valuable skills – in writing and beyond.

I was reminded of a short blog post I read by up-and-coming author Billy Oppenheimer. Before he was a writer, Billy was a ski bum who supported his lifestyle by working part-time as a barista. And he argues that taste – understanding what customers want to drink, how they prefer their lattes, and providing exceptional service – is something that AI can’t replace, even if it does replace his writing career.

I developed taste growing up around my mother’s artwork. From the age of four, she would show me her work, ask for my opinion, and listen carefully to my feedback. I’ve never met a professional artist more open to feedback.

The aesthetic sense I developed as a kid has been a driving force behind my work at Zander Media. I’ve never struggled with a brand direction or critiquing our videos.

In an AI-enabled world, discernment is increasingly important. Creating work that moves people is a valuable skill. Taste is never going away.

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The AI Apocalypse

My AI avatar logs into Zoom to chat with your AI avatar. Sounds great – fewer meetings! But then what? What happens when AI takes over both our mundane and creative tasks?

This question has been haunting me lately.

If you’ve been following along with the Snafu newsletter, you know that I had an AI inflection point a few months ago amidst attempting to buy my first home.

Even as I was confronted by the painful bureaucracy of trying to buy a house in California, my learning accelerated far beyond anything I’d ever been able to accomplish before. It was a very Responsive.org dichotomy; a tension between traditional bureaucracy and rapid innovation.

Over the course of a few weeks, I realized that AI wasn’t just another important topic, like blockchain, social media, or the Internet. It is much bigger.

Most nights after dinner, my girlfriend and I sit in the sauna. Invariably our conversation turns to AI.

My girlfriend is a data scientist, and has taken the rise of AI for granted for many years. She believes that in the next 18 months we’ll see widespread use of Zoom AI avatars. This led into a conversation about what humans would do instead when our AI avatars take our meetings. And, as someone who talks to people for a living, I’m really not sure.

My only solace is that humans are slow to adapt.

QR codes were developed in 1994, but it wasn’t until the Covid-19 pandemic that we got comfortable ordering food from a QR code taped to a table. And given the option, most of us still prefer a server. Even when we can chat with an AI doctor online, we’ll likely still want to be able to meet with a human doctor, in person.

As the rate of change continues to accelerate, some things are going to be slowed down by humans’ own inertia.

This brings me to a personal decision. I’m doubling down on those things that AI is going to have the most difficulty replacing.

  • In-person meetings – even over the convenience of Zoom.
  • Educating and selling in-person – instead of through email exchanges.
  • In-person gathering – like those that happen at Responsive Conference.

Each of us is going to need to reinvent ourselves over the next decade. The most important skill is going to be adaptability and reinvention.

Today, I’m still taking a majority of my meetings on Zoom. But I’m beginning to default to in-person meetings because they’re harder to replace.

To adapt, we need to lean into work AI can’t easily replicate. But what that work is, I’m not sure.

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Getting back to basics

Over the last few months, I’ve fallen out of my routines.

Since my former roommate had a mental health crisis in January, I’ve been living in a short-term rental. During my recent real estate sprint (which you can read about here, here, and here), I set aside all but my most important to-dos. Last week was tumultuous when someone close to me had a major medical scare.

I’m doing fine. Given the circumstances, I’m great! But it’s time to reassess my priorities. When life feels overwhelming, the best thing to do is return to basics.

And, oddly enough, when I think about that, I often refer to ballet.

My first ballet class

I stepped into my first ballet class at nineteen years old.

I was unkempt, having just run from a psychology class. And I had no idea what to expect. The class consisted of just seven women, all wearing ballet tights and slippers – and me, awkwardly standing there in corduroy pants.

Twenty years later, I know what to wear and I’m somewhat more comfortable. But the movements we practice in a ballet class are still the same. I’ve taken thousands of ballet classes, and they all begin the same way. Pliés before tendus. Practice at the barre before moving across the floor.

In order to do anything well, you have to focus on the basics. I find it oddly comforting that the best dancers in the world warm up the same way. They stand at the barre, listen to the piano begin to play, and begin at the beginning.

The more you advance in a specific field, the more tempting it is to focus on the advanced techniques. But when things get difficult, it’s usually better to do the opposite: to focus on the basics.

Apple’s turnaround

In September 1997, Apple Computers was two months from bankruptcy. Steve Jobs, who’d co-founded the company twenty years earlier, agreed to return as interim CEO. Macintosh fans were excited, but the business world didn’t expect much.

But Jobs didn’t use fancy tactics. His strategy was simply to get back to business basics. He slashed costs and replaced a confusing lineup of products with a single, powerful computer — the Power Mac G3.

At that time, the company had less than 4% of the personal computer market. By returning to business basics, focusing on the core things that kept Apple going, Jobs allowed the company to survive and eventually rise to global dominance.

Getting back to basics

We can only begin where we are. Assess the reality of the situation. As much as I sometimes enjoy
tilting at windmills, I’ve learned it’s better not to argue with reality.

Take a moment to identify the basics that ground you. For me, that’s eating well, exercising daily, and going to bed early. For you, it might mean making your bed or taking a daily walk.

The only course of action available to any of us is to begin at the beginning. During challenging times, start with what you know. In a phrase: return to basics.

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Sales is service

Last week, I taught the first workshop in a series about selling – because knowing how to influence and persuade are essential skills for navigating chaotic times. I brought together a handful of friends and taught one of the most overlooked elements of selling: being of service.

When we think “sales”, we think of a car salesman trying to persuade you that his junker is just what your family needs. We’ve all received a call from a telemarketer who won’t take no for an answer. That kind of selling gives sales a bad name.

But there’s a growing group of salespeople who are goodhearted, aligned with their audience, and want to create wins for everyone involved. These people know that great selling is about service, not manipulation.

A groundswell

There’s a quiet groundswell of people reclaiming selling.

A son supporting his mother through a cancer diagnosis. A single parent who is struggling, valiantly, to get her daughter to bed on time. A first-time entrepreneur trying to get the world to hear about his new offering.

People taking risks, stepping out on their own, and advocating for what they believe in. This is the approach to selling that we need. And one of the best illustrations of sales as service comes from an unlikely source, a classic movie about Santa Claus.

A Christmas miracle

The example I often give to describe sales as service is the Santa from the 1947 movie “Miracle on 34th Street.” In the movie, an alcoholic Santa Claus is hired to give out candy canes and sell goods for a local Macy’s department store.

The Santa – apparently not caring very much about the job description of “sell things to customers” – answers customers’ questions honestly when they ask him where to buy products that his store doesn’t have in stock. He sends them across the street to the competition!

When the department store manager finds out, he’s furious. How dare this washed out Santa Claus send customers elsewhere, instead of just redirecting them to a different product that they already sell? Until customers begin to return en masse, praising Santa’s good advice and expressing their undying gratitude and loyalty to his store, for guiding them so well.

The department store manager does an about-face, celebrating Santa’s ingenuity.

Enlightened hospitality

Even though we’ve never met, one of my early mentors was restaurateur Danny Meyer, whose thoughtful approach to service has reshaped the hospitality industry.

Danny is the founder of the New York institution Union Square Cafe, and went on to build a variety of other famous restaurants, including Eleven Maddison Park and the global Shake Shack chain.

His approach, often referred to as “Enlightened Hospitality,” emphasizes the importance of caring for employees first, then guests, and then the broader community. If we support our employees, they’ll serve our customers, and the rest will follow.

Inspired by Danny, I designed Robin’s Café to prioritize employees, creating an employee and service-focused environment.

In service to our employees

When I opened Robin’s Café, it was with the clear intention to open a coffee shop in service to our employees who, in turn, would provide great service for our customers.

One night, about six months into running my old restaurant, I came in at closing to pick up some paperwork. The employee who was closing the cafe for the night, turned to me and said, “Robin this is the single best job I have ever had. Thank you for this opportunity.”

This employee worked irregular hours in a small café, serving hundreds of customers every day with no guaranteed minimum of hours. To hear this from him reminded me – and reminds me still – of the reason Danny’s “Enlightened Hospitality” matters. It creates environments in which people will do their best work.

Serving multiple stakeholders

The most skin-crawling sales people sell exclusively for their own betterment. They only serve themselves. A successful salesperson has to at least serve two stakeholders – the salesperson and the customer.

But a sales person who serves a multitude of stakeholders is more likely to succeed. There are more parties invested in their success!

Robin’s Cafe served 5 different stakeholders:

  • Employees: in creating a fulfilling, supportive workplace
  • Investors: return on investment and pride in supporting a meaningful venture
  • Landlord: a vibrant, community-oriented tenant
  • Customers: a welcoming, enjoyable “third place,” in addition to good food
  • Me: a meaningful, rewarding endeavor, both financially and emotionally

Once you have identified the different parties that benefit from your efforts, it is helpful to delineate how each one benefits from your selling.

Service is selling

When we think of restaurants, we don’t usually think first of a sales environment. But they are.

When the server asks if you’d like dessert after a meal or the sommelier asks if you’d like another bottle of wine with dinner, they are upselling – encouraging you to purchase a more expensive menu item than the one you’d intended to buy.

But what restaurants do differently is sell through the act of serving their customers. By being of service and providing an exceptional experience, they’re creating an environment that we, as patrons, are pleased to pay for.

Whether you’re selling a product, an idea, or simply persuading a friend, selling is about genuine service. When you serve, you don’t just sell. You also create lasting value for everyone.

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Join us in September!

Ten years ago, the Responsive.org Manifesto laid out that “The rate of change continues to accelerate” and “The future is increasingly hard to predict.”

Today, those principles are more relevant than ever.

Our lives are rife with uncertainty – from the acceleration of AI to generalized anxiety about the state of the world.

This rapid rate of change provides the opportunity for impact. We have the opportunity to reinvent how we work.

Established in 2016, Responsive Conference is an annual summit that brings together 300 executives, founders and entrepreneurs who want to make meaningful shifts – within their organizations and in the world.

At Responsive Conference 2025, you’ll discover tactics, tools and connections for how to Design for Change – within your organizations and yourselves.

This year’s conference focuses the lens of organization design on three main topics:

  • The acceleration of AI
  • Climate change
  • Politics & the state of the world

Join us at Responsive Conference 2025 and design your teams and organizations for the future.

Learn more & get your tickets here!

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How to train for chaos

Michael Phelp’s coach, Bob Bowman, understood that the greatest athletes don’t just train for performance – they train for chaos.

Once he recognized that Phelps had the potential to be an elite level swimmer, Bowman started building unpredictability into Phelps’ training.

When traveling for competitions, Bowman would misplace Phelps’ luggage or swimsuit. During practice, Bowman filled Phelps’ goggles with water so he would have to swim without being able to see. Phelps was forced to learn to count his strokes per lap so that even if he couldn’t see, he would know when to turn.

This particular training challenge paid off in the 2008 Beijing Olympic, when Phelps’ goggles actually did fill with water. He still won gold!

Habit: Red teaming

Red Teaming is the practice of deliberately stress-testing your plans, assumptions, and expectations by asking yourself:
“What if everything goes wrong?”

Instead of hoping things go smoothly, know your contingency plans so when the unexpected happens, you know how to react.

Most of us wait until disaster has struck to figure out how we’ll react. As a result, we panic, freeze, and make bad decisions.

Red teaming is the opposite – it’s mental preparation for failure, so when things go wrong, you already know how to respond.

Before an important event – whether it’s a presentation, a workout, or even a difficult conversation – spend two minutes imagining everything that could go wrong.

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How to climb a mountain

I spent a lot of my childhood scrambling up and down mountains. When I discovered this metaphor at 13 years old it resonated for me – and still does today. The idea is that you need to get to the top of a mountain, and there are two different ways to do so.

Two different approaches

You can plot, and plan, and spend months studying a challenge. You can walk the circumference of your mountain. Study it from every angle, consider potential routes, and plan your ascent. And then you take a single trip up the mountain – and hopefully succeed.

Or you can do the opposite, and study your mountain while attempting to climb it.

You’ll almost certainly fail. You might even fall down. But every day, you get back up and throw your full capacity against the challenge until you might eventually succeed.

Both of these approaches are valid. There isn’t one correct approach to tackling a challenge.

My real estate “mountain”

I’ve just completed eight weeks of intensive study of real estate. I’ve never learned so much in such a short period of time in my life before!

Last week, my girlfriend and I backed out of escrow. While I’m still waiting to get my deposit back, we’ve emerged largely unscathed.

This article isn’t an argument for throwing yourself at a problem, and learning on the way. It is an articulation of these two choices, and why I tend to operate the way I do.

The dangers of overthinking

I’m very susceptible to analysis paralysis. I’ll come up with two opposing perspectives and get stuck between them. To avoid this indecision, I’ve learned to take action by default. I throw myself at a problem and trust my ability to learn on the fly.

In real estate, this meant finding a property we were interested in, learning enough to put an offer on the house, and then sprinting to learn everything I needed to know to make an informed decision.

The downsides of haste

When you’re climbing a mountain that’s too difficult for you, you’re more likely to get injured.

When I throw myself at a problem, I’m more likely to make mistakes or offend people than if I’d spent months or years studying the subject. I can be less prepared than I might like, even when preparation is a winning advantage!

At the end of our real estate sprint, my girlfriend and I are both exhausted. The only arguments we’ve ever had have been about real estate.

The benefits of speed

But the advantage of quick, decisive action is also significant.

We attempted something that neither of us would have otherwise considered. We didn’t get stuck in indecision; we took decisive action.

And, fortunately, backed out before we found ourselves in a difficult situation.

Finding your way up the mountain

The two different ways to navigate a challenge are a choice between preparation and speed.

There isn’t one correct balance of preparation versus speed—only the balance that best suits you.

I’m more likely to charge headlong into a challenge. Here’s how to assess what’s best for yourself:

Assess your default

Reflect on whether you gravitate toward preparation or more immediate action. If you usually plan carefully, try taking small risks. If you tend toward immediate action, try pausing occasionally to strategize.

Reflect and Iterate

After completing a big project, reflect on what worked and what didn’t. Which approach did you use, and how effective was it?

Through every challenge, we have a choice for how to tackle something difficult. Ultimately, it’s nobody’s responsibility but your own to decide how you’d like to tackle your next big mountain.

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Tilting at windmills

In Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote believed the windmills were monstrous enemies threatening the land. He charged the windmills and was, of course, knocked off his horse by a windmill’s sail.

This is where the phrase “tilting at windmills“ comes from. It means going to battle despite the certain reality that you can’t win.

My real estate battle

I’ve spent more than 600 hours over the last two months learning about real estate. My girlfriend and I want to buy a home, and I’ve rarely had more ridiculous fun.

Just this week I discovered documents from 2019 that show the extensive work still required by the County of Marin. Among 50 other items, these plans call for structural re-engineerings and sprinklers to be installed throughout the house.

I discovered this report, which appears to be the nail in the coffin in our bid to buy the property, less than 24 hours before it was too late. Reading it, I said goodbye to this project and property.

But the next morning, for the joy of the game, we submitted a new offer detailing our findings and requesting a 25% reduction in price.

Instead of laughing, the seller asked for more details.

Real estate is broken

More than nonprofits, education, or even politics, real estate is a broken system. It is where good ideas and dreams go to die.

Had I not put in more than 600 hours in the last eight weeks, I would find myself the proud owner of a new home only to discover – to my horror – that a million dollars and several years are needed before we can take occupancy!

Fortunately, discoveries made in escrow have to be disclosed to future buyers. Even after I walk away, I’ve done a service to whoever does eventually buy this property.

I’m not going to be able to change a system that makes navigating bureaucracy twice as costly as doing actual renovations. I am not even attempting to change that system. But I am trying to make my small mark.

Navigating broken systems

We’re living amidst broken systems.

In United States, in the last hundred days we’ve witnessed a collapse of “norms” that I was taught were laws of the land.

The US government can deport people who are in the United States legally to El Salvadoran’s Gulags, and the courts – lacking physical threat of force – are powerless to stop it.

I feel pretty helpless to do much about the state of the world.

Relentless optimism

A friend this week asked me what I do to keep positive amidst as much challenging news as there is in the world today.

I answered that I cultivate relentless optimism. I choose my battles carefully. And then, occasionally, I go to war with windmills.

How to tilt at windmills

Identify worthy windmills

Not every battle is worth fighting. But some – even unlikely ones – align with your values, stretch your capabilities, and help you grow.

Enjoy the process

Even if the immediate outcome isn’t guaranteed, attempting the practically impossible builds resilience.

The journey is the reward.

Cultivate relentless optimism

Optimism is a practice. Make it a habit to celebrate small wins and find opportunities in setbacks.

Optimism isn’t naïveté. It is strength in the face of adversity.

I don’t think we’ll buy this property. I’m nearly to the point that I want to walk away. But perhaps we all ought to spend a bit more time tilting at windmills.